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Written by : Hyun Broadhurst |
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four factors must be weighed on a case-by-case basis to determine whether a particular use of a copyrighted work qualifies as a fair use under the law in video 2 of this series we discussed the first two factors the purpose and character of the use and the nature of the copyrighted work factor three considers the amount and substantiality of the use this factor addresses how much of the protected work is being copied both quantitatively and qualitatively to achieve the intended purpose use of a whole work is rarely a fair use by the same token copying a small portion of a work is more likely to be a fair use unless that portion is considered to be the heart of the work for example one case determined that when a documentary filmmaker used clips of iconic Elvis Presley performances this use failed under the third factor test because the filmmaker had copied the heart of the work the fourth fair use factor considers the effect of the use on the actual and potential markets for the protected work primarily if a new use is seen as a substitute for the original work this will disfavor a finding of fair use under the fourth factor even if the new use is modest and not itself harmful to the market for the protected work it may still not qualify as a fair use if a court finds that harm is likely to result from the use becoming more widespread also the potential harm does not need to occur in a market that the copyright owner is currently exploiting this factor considers any potential markets that might reasonably be available to the copyright owner regardless of whether the copyright owner has chosen to enter that market this analysis recognizes that copyright embodies a bundle of Rights that are not protected on a use it or lose it basis finally it's important to note that if potential market harm is caused by criticism comment or parody these uses generally meet the overall intent of fair use and will not be viewed as harmful to the original work under the fourth factor to learn more about fair use and copyright in general visit copyright Alliance dot org you
Thanks for your comment Cecil Adib, have a nice day.
- Hyun Broadhurst, Staff Member
one of the really important exceptions that we have is the fair use exception and the and fair use really is the right to use copyrighted content without permission in certain circumstances you know and there are obvious you know limitations to how much you can use and why okay and there's four factors you know so it's a four-factor multi-part test and the first factor is what is the purpose and character of the use we will really get at the heart of that factor because it is the most important it's why are you using the copyrighted content that you are using a sub factor under this is whether it's commercial or not we'll also talk a lot about that and then the second factor is what is the nature of the original work that means what the thing that you want to use is it a newspaper article is it a phone book is it something that's copyrightable but or maybe a recipe you know things things fall on a different spectrum of like the most creative works that are very highly protected like harry potter or you know a creative novel or something on the other end of the spectrum like closer to facts or not you know um you know not that original that still can qualify for copyright protection but it's uh the nature of it is not something that we you know highly guard so if you're on if what you want to use is on the very high end spectrum of the most creative stuff the idea is then you know when we look at a fair use analysis we're going to you know look extra hard at that frankly the second factor is not much of one that courts consider in fair use cases the third factor is uh the amount and substantiality of the portion used so how much of the original work are you using it doesn't have to do with how long is your movie and you only use 30 seconds of this 30 second video it's how long is the original is the thing that you are using how much of that are you using and that that factor really depends a lot on why you're using it so sometimes what you're you're the reason you're using something could necessitate actually using more of the content than less you know you have to look at how much are you using and what is its relationship to why you are using it and then the fourth factor is what is the effect of your use on the potential market or the value of the original so we want to encourage creativity we don't want to encourage things that just usurp the value of the original in the first place so downloading do you know movies you know it's the same purpose as why they're released in the first place you know like the idea of substituting one use for another is something that we don't want to encourage but when you are doing something new and different and has a totally different value and a totally different market a completely different audience but then there are arguments for why it doesn't affect the market on the original and so it wouldn't affect the incentive for the original author to have made their work in the first place you
Thanks Rodney your participation is very much appreciated
- Hyun Broadhurst
About the author
I've studied gene-culture coevolution at Oakland University in Rochester and I am an expert in genetics (outline). I usually feel not specified. My previous job was ordinary seamen I held this position for 10 years, I love talking about jukskei and hooping. Huge fan of Hailee Steinfeld I practice artistic swimming and collect pez.
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